Accessibility

Routledge.com

Taylor & Francis is committed to ensuring that our platform is accessible to all our users, regardless of their ability or technology. We are constantly working on improving the accessibility and usability of our platform.

Our platform endeavors to conform to the World Wide Web Consortium’s (W3C) Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2 AA Standard Opens in a new window or tab and Web Accessibility Initiative Accessible Rich Internet Applications Suite (WAI-ARIA) 1.2. Opens in a new window or tab

We also adhere to guidance from:

• Section 508 Standards of the U.S. Rehabilitation Act Opens in a new window or tab
• American’s with Disabilities Act, Title II Opens in a new window or tab
• EN 301 549 – European Union Accessibility requirements suitable for public procurement of ICT products and services in Europe Opens in a new window or tab
• European Accessibility Act (28 June 2025) Opens in a new window or tab
• Public Sector Bodies (Websites and Mobile Applications) Accessibility Regulations 2018 (PSBAR) Opens in a new window or tab

These guidelines detail how to make content accessible to a wide range of people with disabilities, including blindness and low vision, deafness and hearing loss, learning disabilities, cognitive limitations, limited movement, speech disabilities, photosensitivity, and combinations of these.

Preparation of this accessibility statement

This accessibility statement for Routledge and CRC Press was last reviewed and updated on 16 June 2025.

Routledge.com was last tested in May 2025 using our third-party automated tool from Siteimprove, which looks at a wide selection of pages representative of the product. The results of the automated tests were reviewed by our Accessibility Officer, alongside the Product Team (Product Management, Development, Engineering, Marketing, and Analytics).

Manual testing has not yet been completed. This will be actioned in September 2025 by the Accessibility Officer. A selection of pages representative of the product will be comprehensively tested.

Corporate Accessibility Statement

Read the Corporate Accessibility Statement for Taylor & Francis Opens in a new window or tab to learn more about what we’re doing as a company across all our sites and content workflows.

Our commitment to accessible publishing

Publishing Accessibility Action Group (PAAG) Charter

Taylor & Francis signed the PAAG Charter in December 2022 and are committed to meeting the 10 commitments of this charter. Our objective is to make all content accessible and to embed accessible practices throughout the publishing ecosystem.

Inclusive Publishing (The DAISY Consortium)

We are an Inclusive Publishing Partner Opens in a new window or tab. Inclusive Publishing is coordinated and managed by The DAISY Consortium (Digital Accessible Information System). The group contributes to mainstream standards, develops guidelines to promote best practices, raises awareness of accessible reading systems and supports open standards for inclusive publishing and shares knowledge to make mainstream publications accessible to all, including people with print disabilities.

Accessibility Conformance Report

Read the full Accessibility Conformance Report (ACR) for Routledge and CRC Press | routledge.com and check our Accessibility Roadmap to learn about any issues scheduled for review.

The Accessibility Conformance Report (ACR) may also be referred to as a Voluntary Product Accessibility Template (VPAT). The ACR is the final output, having populated the VPAT guidance document.

There are four VPAT templates. We use the combined template which covers Section 508, EN 301 549, WCAG 2.2.

Tools used for accessibility testing

We use a combination of automated tools and manual testing.

Accessibility testing tools: Siteimprove.com with site target set to WCAG 2.2 Levels A and AA, with ARIA and accessibility best practices included, to identify issues and potential issues. Accessibility Insights for Web (Edge Extension).

Laptop: Microsoft Edge 135.0.3179.98 and Chrome Version 135.0.7049.115 on a DELL laptop running Microsoft Window 11 Enterprise Version 10.0.22631. Assistive technologies: Non-Visual Desktop Access (NVDA) screen reader, as well as exclusive use of the keyboard to navigate site content and test user interface functionality. Resize display settings: 1280 × 1024 and 1280 × 768, with scaling at 100%, and browser set to 200%. Reflow display settings: 1280 × 1024, with scaling at 100%, and browser set to 400%.

Mobile: Samsung Flip 6, running Android 15 and Chrome Version 136.0.7103.97. Used for checking Orientation with locked and unlocked screen rotation settings.

On the Routledge and CRC platform, we created the accessibility statement in June 2025 and aim to review progress each year.

We have two development releases each month, and accessibility is a fundamental aspect of the development and quality assurance processes, ensuring that the platform adheres to the legislation and guidance outline in our accessibility declaration.

Issues will be reviewed, and necessary fixes scheduled into our roadmap for completion in the nearest available release.

Platform

Together, Routledge and CRC Press are the world’s leading academic publisher in the Humanities, Social Sciences, and STEM. The platform provides scholars, instructors, and professional communities worldwide with a range of resources, in various formats to ensure our content is as accessible as possible. This includes:

eBooks

Most of our eBooks are available as reflowable EPUBs, allowing you to adjust the material's formatting online and offline via the Bookshelf app. However, we understand reflowable eBooks might not suit everyone’s needs, and for those requiring a fixed format, we also offer PDF versions.

Additionally, some of our textbooks include illustrations, formulae, or other data that must remain fixed on the page.

We offer our eBooks via VitalSource, an academic eBook provider, which means once you buy a book from Routledge.com, you must use VitalSource to access and read it.

eBook+

Our eBook+ titles are designed to make reading more engaging, increase comprehension and retention of the material and ultimately lead to greater student success.

Key features include:

• Professionally-recorded audio excerpts, including music and enunciation, to enhance learning according to individual needs.
• Video clips to gain deeper understanding of the content and amplify the learning experience.
• External links to access additional content for reference and further reading.
• Data Visualization using charts, graphs and maps to provide an accessible way to see and understand trends and data.
• Quizzes and assessments to engage learners and assess the competencies during various learning stages.
• Interactive problem-solving exercises to improve engagement and performance.

Open Access Books

Open access makes published academic research freely and permanently available online. Anyone, anywhere can read and build upon this research. We’ve been publishing Open Access Books since 2013, this covers books and chapters across all subjects covered by Routledge, CRC Press and our other leading imprints in the humanities, social sciences, STEM and behavioral sciences.

Focus Shortform Books

The CRC Press Focus Shortform Book Program focuses on affordable, concise, quick to market books that fill the need for short overviews on emerging areas or "hot topics".

Publishing Guidelines

We provide support throughout the publishing journey for our authors, from proposal submission to publication and beyond. Our Accessible Content Guidelines are intended for authors, contributing editors and those who wish to learn more about accessible publishing, and the importance of image descriptions.

Bookshelf App

We aim to publish all eBooks with searchable, selectable text. All eBooks sold on Routledge.com are currently sold through the VitalSource platform to which its own statement applies: VitalSource accessibility statement page Opens in a new window or tab. For details on alternative format requests, and to download a request form, please visit the Accessibility at Taylor & Francis page Opens in a new window or tab.

Formstack

We use the Formstack forms on the website to collect information on customers who want to share their information with us for various reasons. The forms are implemented via inline frames with title attributes and are built to accessible guidelines. For reCaptcha, we are working with Formstack to evaluate the accessibility standards and fix over time as part of our roadmap. Also, the forms get clipped in mobile, which we are working on fixing in the coming releases.

Digital Rights Management

You can print pages from your eBooks using Bookshelf for Mac/Windows or Bookshelf Online. The number of pages will vary for each book.

All of our eBooks are encrypted so that they can only be accessed within Bookshelf. We do not send eBooks as PDFs to your email address because this format is easily copied and pirated and does not protect the rights of our expert author community.

As one of the leading global academic publishers, Routledge also offers eBooks through other book retailers and academic stores. Please check with your preferred eBook retailer to find Routledge books in an electronic format that suits you.

Embedding accessibility

Taylor & Francis aims to ensure that accessibility is at the heart of our platform development, by subscribing to the Four Principles of Accessibility - POUR Opens in a new window or tab, as published by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

• Perceivable: Users must be able to perceive the information being presented to them by at least one of their senses.
• Operable: Users must be able to operate the interface; it cannot require interaction that a user cannot perform.
• Understandable: Users must be able to understand the information as well as the operation of the user interface.
• Robust: Content must be robust enough that it can be interpreted reliably by a wide variety of user agents, including assistive technologies. This means that users must be able to access the content as technologies advance.

Perceivable

Text alternatives

• If you require alt-text adding to an eBook or journal article that doesn’t yet have this in place, please use our Request Service.
• Most non-text elements outside of the article content provide alt-tags.

Time-based Media

• YouTube supports the inclusion of transcripts and audio descriptions; this must be set by the content author. However, it is not widely available for this content.
• Automated captions are available for content sign-posted to from Routledge.com.
• There is no live synchronized media.

Adaptable

• Information, structure, and relationships conveyed through presentation can be programmatically determined or are available in text.
• WAI-ARIA roles use appropriate context.
• Instructions for understanding and operating content does not solely rely on characteristics such as color, size, visual location, orientation, sound, shape.
• The content of the site does not restrict its view and operation to a single-display orientation, unless a specific display orientation is essential.
• The purpose of each input field collecting information about the user can be programmatically determined.

Distinguishable

• Color is not the only visual means of conveying information, indicating and action, prompting a response, or distinguishing a visual element.
• Body text and images of text have good color contrast against their background. There are some buttons and links that need color contrast improvements.
• Text on a web page can be resized up to 200% without distorting the layout, without loss of content or functionality.
• There are no elements triggered by hover or focus.

Operable

Keyboard accessible

• All functionality is operable using the keyboard only. There are no specific timings, to complete individual keystrokes, and character keyboard shortcuts are not required.

Enough Time

• The site times out after 14 days of non-interaction. The session will refresh when the user performs activity. This is a per the settings within our Identity and Access Management (IAM) which provides the login system for across all T&F Systems.
• The product does not contain moving, blinking, auto-updating or scrolling content.

Seizures and physical reactions

• There is no flashing content on the site.

Navigable

• The first clickable item on the page is a “skip to main content link” moving focus directly to the main content.
• Landmarks define core parts of the page to support quick navigation with assistive technologies.
• Each page has a unique title element that describes what’s on that page, to let users know where they are and what type of content to expect.
• The purpose of most links on the website can be determined from the link text alone or from the programmatic context of the link.
• Search, footer links, and the main navigation bar allow multiple ways to locate a webpages within the website.
• This website contains headings and each of them identifies its section of the content. Page sections with the same name serve the same purpose across the website, ensuring users can understand and predict content structure.
• Focus is visible throughout the website, however there are pages that require manual checking to confirm color contrast is sufficient for the focus indicator.

Input modalities

• The site does not rely on multi-point or path-based gestures.
• Functions that use a single pointer are completed when the user releases the pointer. For example, pressing a button, is triggered on mouse-up.
• User interface components with labels that include text or images of text, have a corresponding accessible name that contains the text that is presented visually.
• There is no reliance on device motion, like shaking or tilting, to carry out an action.
• Clickable elements, such as buttons, links, and icons, are at least 24 × 24 pixels in size, and there are no overlapping targets.

Understandable

Language

• The default language of all pages in this website is identified using the lang attribute in the html element (en).
• Content on the site is in English (non-region specific).

Predictable

• This website contains a consistent footer that includes sections for “Contact us”, “FAQs”, “Resources” and “Policies”.
• Navigation is consistent from page to page, ensuring familiar features like menus, search bars, and skip-to-content buttons stay in the same place as they visit different pages across the site.
• Most components that have the same functionality within the site are identified consistently throughout the website (they always look and work the same).

Input assistance

• Further manual testing is scheduled for September 2025.

Robust

Compatible

• User interface components on the site provide programmatic name, role, and/or state information.

Contact us

We are always developing solutions to further improve the site’s overall accessibility. In the meantime, should you experience any difficulty in accessing routledge.com please view the information on our Frequently Asked Questions page. Alternatively, you can email us at [email protected] or use our online contact form. We endeavor to respond within five business days, or fewer.

Request Service

Taylor & Francis request service

When a work is unavailable for purchase in a suitable format, we endeavor to provide one within three working days. Institutions and individuals can place their request via our Academic VIP (Visually Impaired Persons) Team. Note, this team handles alternative format requests for all print-disabilities.

• Book requests form Opens in a new window or tab
• Journal requests form Opens in a new window or tab
• [email protected]

RNIB Bookshare and Bookshare

Taylor & Francis eBook titles are also available through RNIB Bookshare | UK Education Collection Opens in a new window or tab, and Bookshare | Benetech Opens in a new window or tab in PDF and EPUB formats, and are shared with these platforms as part of our automated publishing workflow. Where EPUB is provided, titles can be downloaded as a Word, DAISY, Braille Ready File (BRF) or EPUB file, as well as being supported by the built-in reading tool and Dolphin Easy Reader Opens in a new window or tab.

General Information

If you would like more general information or help with web-accessibility, we recommend the BBC Accessibility Help page Opens in a new window or tab.

AbilityNet Opens in a new window or tab has advice on making your device easier to use if you have a disability.